{"id": "ca_4beZFVHx", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "电和磁", "dimension": "物理观念", "statement": "能写出电磁波在真空中的传播速度，并正确指出其数值的单位", "verb": "写出、指出", "object": "电磁波在真空中的传播速度及其单位", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["物理观念"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["在空白纸上写下了 c = 3×10^8 m/s", "在回答中正确写出并标明了速度的单位是米每秒（m/s）"], "assessment": "{{name}}能写出电磁波在真空中的传播速度，并正确指出其单位吗？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["scale-proportion"], "practice": [], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_953qFGvN", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "这条能力要求学生不仅能复述数值，还能将该数值与正确的物理单位进行对应，这是对知识掌握程度的可判定检验。", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 25, "srcText": "知道电磁波在真空中的传播速度。", "crosscuttingWhy": "记忆物理常数与单位，属知识识记", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "suspect", "overlap": 0.5, "verbatimCoverage": 0.5, "facts": ["电磁波在真空中的传播速度是已知的。"]}, "fieldIssues": ["independent-check-suspect"]}
{"id": "ca_Qvk9kRLF", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "运动和相互作用", "dimension": "科学思维", "statement": "能举例说明物理学如何描述与解释一个具体的自然现象", "verb": "举例说明", "object": "物理学如何描述与解释一个具体的自然现象", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["科学思维"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["学生能说出‘牛顿用万有引力定律描述并解释了行星的运动’", "学生能说出‘用光的折射定律描述并解释了筷子在水中看起来弯折的现象’"], "assessment": "{{name}}能说出牛顿用万有引力定律描述并解释了行星的运动吗？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["cause-effect", "systems"], "practice": ["explaining-designing"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_BYSzYD2K", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "这条能力要求学生将‘物理学是对自然现象的描述与解释’这一知识，应用于一个具体实例，通过举例来展示其应用能力，这是可观察和判定的。", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 26, "srcText": "知道物理学是对相关自然现象的描述与解释，物理学研究需要观察、实验和推理", "crosscuttingWhy": "理解物理如何解释现象，建构解释", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "passed", "overlap": 0.579, "verbatimCoverage": 0.542, "facts": ["物理学是对相关自然现象的描述与解释", "物理学研究需要观察", "物理学研究需要实验", "物理学研究需要推理"]}}
{"id": "ca_gFFKP4xB", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "运动和相互作用", "dimension": "科学思维", "statement": "能识别给定描述中的匀速直线运动、杠杆或光线是否被用作物理模型", "verb": "识别", "object": "物理模型的应用", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["科学思维"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["学生能从一段文字或一个场景中，指出其中描述匀速直线运动、杠杆或光线的部分，并说明它们在这里是作为简化现实的模型被使用", "学生能判断一个新给出的例子（如一个杠杆省力的情景描述）是否符合杠杆作为物理模型的特征"], "assessment": "{{name}}能不能看出一段文字或场景里，哪里描述了匀速直线运动、杠杆或光线，并明白它们是用作物理模型呢？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["systems", "structure-function"], "practice": ["modeling"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_YbQu3w5v", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "这条能力要求学生将知识（知道这些是物理模型）应用于新的情境，通过识别和判断的具体行为来展现其对‘物理模型’这一概念的理解和应用能力。", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 26, "srcText": "知道匀速直线运动、杠杆、光线等物理模型", "crosscuttingWhy": "识别模型属于系统建模，模型本身体现结构功能", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "passed", "overlap": 0.591, "verbatimCoverage": 0.464, "facts": ["匀速直线运动是物理模型", "杠杆是物理模型", "光线是物理模型"]}, "composite": true, "fieldIssues": ["composite"]}
{"id": "ca_RD8CrGEL", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "运动和相互作用", "dimension": "物理观念", "statement": "能指出牛顿第一定律描述了物体在不受外力时的运动状态", "verb": "指出", "object": "牛顿第一定律描述的物体运动状态", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["物理观念"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["学生能正确复述定律内容：物体在不受外力时保持静止或匀速直线运动", "学生能判断一个不受外力的物体将保持其运动状态不变"], "assessment": "{{name}}能说出牛顿第一定律的内容吗？不受外力时物体会怎样运动？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["cause-effect", "systems"], "practice": ["explaining-designing"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_ubYhrpPL", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "这条能力要求学生能准确描述牛顿第一定律的核心内容，即物体在不受外力时的运动状态，这是一个可观察、可判定的行为。", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 27, "srcText": "在探究力的作用效果、牛顿第一定律、压强大小的影响因素、声音的产生和传播条件、光的传播规律、电和磁的相互作用等学习活动中", "crosscuttingWhy": "理解因果机制与系统模型", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "not-applicable", "overlap": 0.0, "verbatimCoverage": 0.4, "facts": []}}
{"id": "ca_WtYc88Su", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "物质", "dimension": "科学态度与责任", "statement": "能说明家庭电路电压是220V,并指出在电路操作前应断开总开关的原因", "verb": "说明…并指出…原因", "object": "家庭电路电压与安全操作原因", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["科学态度与责任"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["在家庭电路图上正确标注出220V电压位置，并口头说明总开关应断开。", "在进行模拟电路操作前，能正确执行断开总开关的操作，并能解释这是为了防止触电。"], "assessment": "{{name}}能在家庭电路图上标出220V电压的位置，并解释操作前为什么要断开总开关吗？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["cause-effect", "structure-function"], "practice": ["explaining-designing"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_UKSei5h6", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "这条能力要求学生基于电压知识，解释并执行一项具体的安全操作，其行为（标注、执行、解释）可被观察和判定。", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 31, "srcText": "例3 了解我国家庭用电的电压和频率，在家庭用电中有保护自己和他人的安全意识。", "crosscuttingWhy": "解释因果与结构功能，建构安全操作解释", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "suspect", "overlap": 0.211, "verbatimCoverage": 0.25, "facts": ["我国家庭用电的电压是220伏。", "我国家庭用电的频率是50赫兹。"]}, "fieldIssues": ["independent-check-suspect"]}
{"id": "ca_MihFEYR2", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "物质", "dimension": "物理观念", "statement": "能说明家庭电路频率对常用电器工作的影响", "verb": "说明", "object": "家庭电路频率对常用电器工作的影响", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["物理观念"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["能解释50Hz频率是多数家用电器设计的依据。", "能举出因频率不匹配导致电器无法正常工作的例子。"], "assessment": "{{name}}能解释50Hz是多数家用电器设计的依据吗？或者举出因频率不匹配导致电器无法正常工作的例子？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["cause-effect", "scale-proportion"], "practice": ["explaining-designing"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_nd6eRPnZ", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "要求学生运用频率这一知识，解释其与电器工作的关系，是知识的具体应用和判定。", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 31, "srcText": "例3 了解我国家庭用电的电压和频率，在家庭用电中有保护自己和他人的安全意识。", "crosscuttingWhy": "解释因果机制，涉及频率量级影响", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "suspect", "overlap": 0.4, "verbatimCoverage": 0.389, "facts": ["我国家庭用电的电压是220伏。", "我国家庭用电的频率是50赫兹。"]}, "fieldIssues": ["independent-check-suspect"]}
{"id": "ca_gAPtyVLw", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": "能量", "dimension": "科学思维", "statement": "能结合生活实例，解释为什么能量的利用效率无法达到100%", "verb": "解释", "object": "能量利用效率无法达到100%的原因", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["科学思维"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["能用‘热机工作时会有热量散失’等例子说明效率损耗", "能对比指出生活中实际效率与理想效率的差异"], "assessment": "{{name}}能用热机工作时会有热量散失这样的例子，解释为什么能量的利用效率没法达到100%吗？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": ["cause-effect", "matter-energy"], "practice": ["explaining-designing"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_7EUki13p", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "要求学生运用效率概念，对现象进行因果解释，而非仅仅复述定义", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 33, "srcText": "知道能量的利用存在效率问题，100%的能量利用率只是一种理想情况", "crosscuttingWhy": "解释能量损耗的因果机制", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "topicFrom": "curriculum-page-index", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "suspect", "overlap": 0.263, "verbatimCoverage": 0.318, "facts": ["能量的利用存在效率问题", "100%的能量利用率只是一种理想情况"]}, "fieldIssues": ["independent-check-suspect"]}
{"id": "ca_gZ7cAsHi", "discipline": "物理", "track": "MATRIX", "strand": "学科内容", "topic": null, "dimension": "科学探究", "statement": "能说出至少一个物理发现是如何同时依赖观察和实验的实例", "verb": "说出", "object": "一个依赖观察和实验的物理发现实例", "type": "CONCEPTUAL", "literacy": ["科学探究"], "cognitive": "理解", "stageHint": {"min": "G8", "max": "G9"}, "courseType": null, "evidence": ["学生能口头描述牛顿通过观察苹果落地和进行力学实验发现万有引力的过程", "学生能书面列举法拉第通过观察电磁现象和设计实验建立电磁感应定律的案例"], "assessment": "{{name}}能说出牛顿是怎么通过观察苹果落地和做实验发现万有引力的吗？", "evidenceSource": "capability-rewrite", "reviewStatus": "ai-reviewed", "reviewedBy": [], "deprecated": false, "supersededBy": null, "crosscutting": [], "practice": ["investigating", "explaining-designing"], "provenance": {"derivedFrom": "ca_M8FFDoSf", "method": "capability-rewrite", "why": "这条能力要求学生将知识（物理研究建立在观察和实验基础上）转化为一个具体的、可被旁观者判定的口头或书面陈述，即举出一个实例并说明其如何体现观察和实验的作用", "srcSubject": "物理", "srcPage": 38, "srcText": "能初步体会物理研究是建立在观察和实验基础上的创造性工作", "crosscuttingWhy": "辨析观察与实验在物理发现中的作用", "srcPageFrom": "extract-intermediate"}, "schemaVersion": "0.1.0", "independentCheck": {"method": "模型只读原文（看不到本断言）自行抽事实，再机械比对实词覆盖", "verdict": "not-applicable", "overlap": 0.0, "verbatimCoverage": 0.4, "facts": []}}